Friday, July 3, 2009

Dr. KARL BENZ and MERCEDES


Karl Benz was born in Karlsruhe on November 25, 1844, the son of an engine driver. His father died just two years after Karl’s birth. Despite her limited financial means, his mother ensured that he received a good education.


Dr. KARL BENZ MUSEUM

Karl Benz attended high school, then studied at the Polytechnic College in Karlsruhe. This was followed by two years of practical study at Maschinenbau-Gesellschaft in Karlsruhe. Karl Benz was given his first paid employment as a technical draughtsman and designer by a manufacturer of weighing machines in Mannheim. On losing this position in 1868 he joined an engineering company which was primarily involved in bridge-building. This employment was followed by a short period in Vienna, likewise with a structural ironworking company.

In 1871 Karl Benz formed his first company together with the mechanical specialist August Ritter. Since Ritter was not a reliable partner, Karl Benz bought him out using the dowry of his bride Bertha Ringer, then managed the company alone.
Bertha Ringer and Karl Benz were married in 1872. Bertha Benz played a decisive role in the later success of the fledgling company. She undertook the world’s first long-distance car journey, and is acknowledged as the first lady motorist in history. Karl and Bertha Benz had five children.

At first business was very poor for Karl Benz. Some of the tools were even pawned in his Iron Foundry and Mechanical Workshop, later also named a Factory for Metalworking Machinery. In the search for new business Karl Benz intensively devoted himself to two-stroke engines during this time. After two years of development time, the first engine ran satisfactorily in 1879. This engine was built on the two-stroke principle, as a patent for the four-stroke engine had already been granted to Gasmotorenfabrik in Deutz in 1877. Benz was also granted several basic patents for the further development of his two-stroke engine, e.g. for the engine speed regulation system. Ignition was by means of his newly developed battery system.

With new sponsors and partners as well as the support of the banks, the couple converted the business into a joint stock company named Gasmotoren-Fabrik Mannheim in 1882. Karl Benz only held a five-percent share of the company himself, however. When the other partners attempted to influence his designs, Karl Benz left the only recently formed company in 1883.

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